By Admore Mbonda in Kariba
The shimmering waters of Lake Kariba, known for its breathtaking beauty and ecological significance, are about to become a beacon of renewable energy.
The government has embarked on an ambitious floating solar farm project on the lake, with the first phase set to generate 250 megawatts of electricity.
Plans are already in motion to scale this up to an impressive 1,000 megawatts, a move officials believe will stabilize the national grid amidst ongoing energy challenges.
Over the past few years, Lake Kariba has faced significant challenges due to prolonged droughts. In 2024, water levels plummeted to critical lows, resulting in severe electricity generation cuts. Many towns and cities across Zimbabwe and Zambia endured blackouts lasting up to 21 hours a day.
Authorities attributed this crisis to El Niño and shifting climate patterns, warning that the region’s heavy reliance on hydropower has become increasingly unsustainable.
Chief Mola, a prominent leader in the region, spoke passionately about the project.
“This solar farm is not just an energy solution; it symbolizes hope for our communities. We have seen too many dark days, and now is the time to embrace innovation and sustainability,” he said.
His emphasis on community resilience echoes the sentiment of many who have felt the impact of energy shortages.
Spanning the border between Zimbabwe and Zambia, Lake Kariba is the world’s largest man-made lake by volume, created after the construction of the Kariba Dam on the Zambezi River.
Since its completion in 1959, the dam has been a crucial source of hydroelectric power, supplying millions with electricity through its two major power stations: Kariba North in Zambia and Kariba South in Zimbabwe.
Together, these stations boast a combined capacity of over 2,000 megawatts, enough to power approximately 1.6 million homes in developed countries.
While Lake Kariba has brought development and progress, it has also come at a significant cost. The flooding of the valley displaced an estimated 57,000 people, primarily from the Tonga ethnic group, uprooting communities and destroying ancestral lands.
In response to the ecological impact of the dam, a rescue mission known as Operation Noah was initiated, relocating over 6,000 animals to safer habitats.
Despite these challenges, Lake Kariba has developed a vibrant ecosystem. Its waters teem with diverse fish species, while the shores are home to crocodiles, hippos, and an array of wildlife, including elephants and lions.
The lake also supports a bustling fishing industry and attracts tourists for boat safaris and wildlife watching.
As the floating solar farm takes shape, it represents a crucial step towards diversifying energy sources in the region. With the ongoing threats of climate change and water scarcity, the project is a testament to innovation and resilience.
Chief Mola’s vision for a sustainable future resonates deeply with many, as communities look forward to a brighter, more stable energy landscape on the horizon.
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